Use Secondary Essay Samples For A Powerful Appeal

Use Secondary Essay Samples For A Powerful AppealIf you're the type of student who likes to do more than just learn and think, a lot of secondary essay samples are what you're looking for. Secondary samples are meant to guide your way through an entire class assignment, often referred to as an essay. They also go a long way in answering any questions that you may have on certain areas of writing and editing.Most students don't have a problem with answering the question on their essays but a number of medical school essays may have multiple sections where all of them are required to answer the same question. Such may be a health questionnaire or even a life-threatening test. In such cases, it is useful to have more than one section and a set of secondary essay samples to use.It is always a good idea to go with a curriculum that best suits your level of skill and interest. Secondary samples may include introductory topics, an overview of your career goals, the specific areas of writing and editing, and your overall plan for your papers. And these are all good starting points. Try to find a sample that you like, that gives you some ideas of the type of material you may face on the essays and see if there are any areas where you could improve.If you have a strong interest in a topic that's important to you, then you'll want to take a look at some essay samples that will go beyond the health questions, even if it means taking a shortcut on some of the bigger subjects. As a whole, though, these types of essays tend to show your best writing and editing skills.Sometimes, you'll need to spend time improving your communication skills, and you can use secondary essay samples to go over how your writing skills may be weak. You'll want to consider using a sample that incorporates practical ideas about communication and why you might need a refresher.Medical school students will spend a lot of time applying and re-applying to medical schools. You want to show to the admissi ons committees that you are serious about your career and that you are able to write about what you know about your interests. In fact, this is what they are most interested in, so you'll want to make sure that you present yourself in the best possible light.These types of essay samples are a way to show the admissions committee what you've been studying. It is one way of making yourself stand out from other applicants.

How Biology And Environment Played A Role On Andrew s...

Out of the fourteen people interviewed for Up Series, I will be examining Andrew in this paper. In this essay, I will be examining how biology and environment played a role in Andrew’s development. Along with that, I will also discuss some of the physical, cognitive, and socioemotional normative and nonnormative changes that occurred in his development. At age of seven, Andrew attended a pre-preparatory school in Kensington. He attended a prestigious charter school at age 14. In his early twenties, Andrew started attending Trinity Hall Cambridge where he studied law. By the age of 28, he was a solicitor and started working for a large firm. He also got married to his girlfriend Jane. Andrew became a partner in the law firm that he worked for previously by the age of 35. Meanwhile, he also had two kids named Alexander and Timothy. In his early forties, Andrew was running a successful law firm that handled both domestic and international cases. At age of 49, he was still in a healthy relationship with his wife. He resigned from his law firm and became a solicitor for a big industrial company. At the age of 56, Andrew was still working for the same industrial company that he joined few years back. He felt satisfied with his work and family life. Through Up Series, it could be observed how both biology and environment played a significa nt role in Andrew’s development. Behavior geneticist Sandra Scarr (1993) theorized three ways that heredity and environment can be correlated.Show MoreRelatedHow do we Become Who we are1890 Words   |  8 PagesThe person we are is a complicated mixture of how we look, behave and think. As people we are constantly changing, influenced by our surroundings. It is my belief that most people in modern society believe that the person they have become is a direct consequence of the decisions that they have made during their life. 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Human Civilization Mental Health Challenges

Question: Discuss about the Human Civilization Mental Health Challenges. Answer: Introduction: In the present era of human civilization mental health challenges and cases of intellectual disability on a global scenario can be considered as a social burden that significant deteriorates the social well being and development of the present population. Citing the example of United Kingdom it is evident that this country has to bear the largest burden of such disease about 28% compared to 16% for cancer and cardiac disorders (Ferrari et al., 2013). Currently within the entire population of the United Kingdom one in every four individual have been diagnosed with mental health problem (McManus and Meltzer, 2009). On an illustrative note it is essential to highlight that in England the female population show greater susceptibility towards development of mental illness compared to the male population and anxiety related disorders are more prominent (Mentalhealth.org.uk, 2015). Hence considering the statistical data produced for the year 2013 about 6,233 suicidal cases were registered in this country among which 78% were male and the remaining percentage indicated female population. The severity of mental health condition is so pronounced that at a given point of time 10% of mothers and 6% of fathers who are the citizens of the United Kingdom show mental health problems (Parker, 2008). As mental health problems are the causal factor resulting to an economic or financial burden at a global scale the cost of expenses to mental health services are also high. According to the estimated given about 1.6 trillion are invested in providing mental healthcare services at a global scale and it UK the expenses with respect to mental health problems are 70-100 billion annually that further contribute to 4.5% of GDP (Mentalhealth.org.uk, 2015). An insight into the mental health situation of UK has strongly demanded provision of mental healthcare system. In this context it is essential to mention that NHS (National Health Services) along with other private organizations is involved in providing mental health care to the needed. Hence this essay shall produce a reflection of the mental health care services particularly the holistic care approaches prevalent in the United Kingdom. Analytical review: The services like person centered care, communicated based services, challenging behaviour services, psychosocial interventions along with sincere and extensive involvement of the intellectual disability team, generic mental health teams and specialist mental health in intellectual disability teams can be identified as the potential services provider to address the issues related with mental illness and intellectual disability. Referring to the initiatives undertaken by the National Health Services of UK the example of an integrated care and support system can cited wherein NHS England in joint venture with the National Collaboration for Integrated Care and Support has developed person centered care services for the mentally challenged individuals. The priority of this person centere3d care service is to provide a holistic care in place of providing episodic care services to the mental patients. The services provided through this approach are found to give greater priority to the individual needs and support is also provided to their family members. The key initiatives taken through implementation of person centered care services to the mental patient comprised of understanding the primary objectives, formulation of a care plan, information sharing practice, development of a stable interactive platform and the practice of efficient decision making. The Better Care Fund developed under the initiatives of the National Health Services, UK was found to be associated in assuring a transformation with respect to the integrated health and social care services for the mentally challenged population. The fund generated by this organization was estimated to be about 3.8 billion (England, 2016). The example of Integrated Care Pioneers Programme can be cited in this respect. However the multi-disciplinary working approach like the Kents integrated discharge team responsible for bringing the practitioners together from all the health and care services of UK, the Greenwich team building approach are few to name (Integrated Care Pioneers: One Year On, 2015). The role of generic mental health team is also of immense importance with respect to maintaining the efficacy level of the mental healthcare service provided. In this context it is essential to highlight that implementation of the active model compared to the standard model resulted in a significant improvement in functional behavioural attributes of the mentally ill patients with a commendable decline in the challenging behavioural attributes of such patients (Community-based services for people with intellectual disability and mental health problems, 2015). The specialist mental health in intellectual disability team is found to be associated with the responsibility of providing care services to a targeted patient group. This particular team are inclusive of consultant psychiatrists, trainee psychiatrists and community mental health nurses who have acquired expert training on intellectual disability. In addition to the above mentioned psychosocial interventions applied for the treatment of mentally challenged individuals under the initiatives of the National Health Services or NHS provisions are also present for child and adolescent services, older people services and learning disability services. Apart from providing acute care and community services a number of specialist services are also evident to be operational under the child and adolescent services. Early intervention or psychosis comprising of recovery principles, implementation of assertive care coordination, medication management can be exemplified in this respect. The Drake Substance Misuse scales, Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) etc are applied as to measure the outcomes (Kingdon, 2016). The challenging behaviour services have been implemented with an aim to address the unacceptable behavioural attributes of the mental patients like tendency of self harm, improper verbal habits and physical violence. Data indicate that about 10-15% of the intellectually disable individuals show challenging behaviours and here lies the importance of specialist and community based challenging behaviour services (Community-based services for people with intellectual disability and mental health problems, 2015). This particular service is found to offer a multi-component framework wherein community based settings is applied in combination with the medications applied. This particular service have been operational in combination with the community intellectual disability service or separately. It is evident that 46 peripatetic services of teams with two or more member have emphasized on effectively addressing the behavioural need of the individuals with intellectual disability (Community- based services for people with intellectual disability and mental health problems, 2015). A number of psychosocial interventions have been evident as a response to the mental health care service provided in the United Kingdom. The psychosocial interventions undertaken primarily reflected the application of various psychological therapies that aided in bringing a positive development with respect to mental health and intellectual disability. The cognitive therapy particularly the cognitive behavioural therapy has been found to be effective as a response to mental disorder. Apart from this the dialectical behaviour therapy has been positively applied as a treatment for emotional complications. The implementation of interpersonal therapy has supported positively to treat cases of severe depression while psychodynamic therapy has produced positive result in handling emotional complications. Emphasizing on the holistic care approach under the initiatives of National Health Services the implementation of several art therapies that include art, music and dance has also given a promising result with respect to improving the overall mental health situation of the affected population of the United Kingdom. The art therapies applied are found to be effective for addressing the cases related with psychosis while the therapeutic approach inclusive of reminiscence and reality orientation are found to be applicable for the treatment of memory loss. As a response to treat the cases of intellectual disability the application of family and couple therapy, counselling, problem-solving practices, organizing of motivational interviews, mentalisation are frequently practiced within this count ry. Apart from this assertiveness and social skills training, transactional analysis, anger and anxiety management practices can also be included under the umbrella of holistic care approach for the treatment of mental illness and intellectual disability in United Kingdom. The example of Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) Program can be included as an example reflecting the holistic care services available for the treatment of mental illness and intellectual disability (Kingdon, 2016). The clinical situation related with intellectual disability is found to be addressed through effective implementation of learning disability services. In the context it is evident that emphasis has been give to improve the health and living standard of the mentally ill population though learning disabilities observatory. The intellectual disable population are also providing with accommodation facilities, aid in the development of personal identify and also aid them in obtaining a job (Nausheen, 2016). Reduction in hospital stay tenure for the patients treated with active model can be indicated as one of the major benefits of this particular holistic care approach. Furthermore one of the major benefits of the specialist mental health in intellectual disability team care service is its flexibility. Apart from this assessment, review and interventions via outpatients clinics, outreach work, day centres and home visit are also a part of the care service offered by the specialist mental health in intellectual disability team (Community-based services for people with intellectual disability and mental health problems, 2015). The extensive involvement of the staff responsible for delivery of mental and intellectual disability care can be represented as the structural framework of the mental healthcare system of UK. In this context it is essential to highlight the key responsibilities of the community intellectual disability team. Hence proper delivery of specialist interventions and recommendations along with an emphasis to minimise the social practices of health inequalities are the priorities of this particular mental healthcare team. Moreover the professionals involved in this team are also responsible to strengthen the efficacy level of the mental healthcare service system through supporting the healthcare professionals, focussing on the issues related with out-of-area placements and also in forming a supportive patient transition system. They are also responsible for restoring the legality of the mental healthcare services. Understanding the roles and responsibilities of the mental health care teams on an analytical ground it can be stated that extensive involvement along with efficient execution of the professional skills has resulted in a significant development with respect to the quality of mental healthcare services offered. The patients with mental illness and also the intellectual disables individual has experienced a positive change in their respective lifestyle and also has significantly reduced the hospital stay of such patients. However an insight into the operational inefficacy of the community intellectual disability team can be represented as the fact that considerable amount of time is invested in executing the administrative related tasks, patient data input procedures compared to the time invested in interpersonal interaction with the patients. This particular issue can be considered as one of the major factor influencing the quality standard of care services offered to the mentally cha llenged patients (Community-based services for people with intellectual disability and mental health problems, 2015). The other specialist services are substance misuse services, forensic services and national deafness services operational under the child and adolescent services. Furthermore under the other people services a number of specialist services are available comprising of memory assessment, community services, acute care, general hospital liaison, substance misuse services and forensic services. These particular services are mainly concerned with the treatment of mental illness within the older population and extensive involvement of the early intervention, substance use; assertive outreach and rehabilitation team are evident (Nausheen, 2016). A specialist mental health team is also found to be involved in offering child and adolescent services particularly to the individuals who are in the transition period from childhood to adulthood (Community-based services for people with intellectual disability and mental health problems, 2015). Conclusion: Learning from the information provided in the previous segments of this essay it is justified to convey that presence of an effective surveillance system for monitoring the mental health of the concerned patient, medication procedure, and proper access to a crisis plan along with provisions for out-of-hour support can be considered as the key elements of mental healthcare system. However on the concluding ground it is equally essential to covey that the efficacy level of the mental healthcare services provided to the patients can be significantly improved by the implementation of a dual diagnostic approach. Application of person-centered care services embedded with flexible delivery and holistic care approach can be considered as effective in this respect. Moreover incorporation of multi-disciplinary and evidenced based care services has also been considered to produce positive outcomes. As a recommendation it can be sated that the care services provided to the mentally challenged in dividuals can be improve by implementation of an efficient local care pathways with key emphasis in providing holistic care services to such patients. References: Community-based services for people with intellectual disability and mental health problems. (2015). [online] The Royal College of Psychiatrists. Available at: https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/pdf/FRID06.pdf [Accessed 28 Jun. 2016]. England, N. (2016).NHS England Integrated care and support. [online] England.nhs.uk. Available at: https://www.england.nhs.uk/ourwork/part-rel/transformation-fund/ [Accessed 25 Jun. 2016]. Ferrari, A., Charlson, F., Norman, R., Patten, S., Freedman, G., Murray, C., Vos, T. and Whiteford, H. (2013). Burden of Depressive Disorders by Country, Sex, Age, and Year: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010.PLoS Med, 10(11), p.e1001547. Integrated Care Pioneers: One Year On. (2015). [online] London: National Health Service. Available at: https://www.england.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/integrtd-care-pionrs-1-yr-on.pdf [Accessed 28 Jun. 2016]. Kingdon, D. (2016).Early Intervention in Psychosis. [online] Emotionalwellbeing.southcentral.nhs.uk. Available at: https://www.emotionalwellbeing.southcentral.nhs.uk/getting-help/what-services-can-i-expect/index.php?option=com_contentview=articleid=309Itemid=126 [Accessed 25 Jun. 2016]. Kingdon, D. (2016).Psychosocial Interventions. [online] Emotionalwellbeing.southcentral.nhs.uk. Available at: https://www.emotionalwellbeing.southcentral.nhs.uk/getting-help/what-services-can-i-expect/psychological-treatment [Accessed 25 Jun. 2016]. McManus, S. and Meltzer, H. (2009).Adult psychiatric morbidity in England, 2007: Results of a household survey.. [online] NHS Information Centre for Health and Social Care. Available at: https://www.hscic.gov.uk/catalogue/PUB02931/adul-psyc-morb-res-hou-sur-eng-2007-rep.pdf [Accessed 25 Jun. 2016]. Mentalhealth.org.uk. (2015).Mental health statistics: men and women. [online] Available at: https://www.mentalhealth.org.uk/statistics/mental-health-statistics-men-and-women [Accessed 25 Jun. 2016]. Nausheen, B. (2016). Learning Disability Services. [online] Emotionalwellbeing.southcentral.nhs.uk. Available at: https://www.emotionalwellbeing.southcentral.nhs.uk/getting-help/what-services-can-i-expect/learning-disability-services [Accessed 25 Jun. 2016]. Nausheen, B. (2016).Older People's Services. [online] Emotionalwellbeing.southcentral.nhs.uk. Available at: https://www.emotionalwellbeing.southcentral.nhs.uk/getting-help/what-services-can-i-expect/older-peoples-services [Accessed 25 Jun. 2016]. Parker, G. (2008).Technical Report for SCIE Research Review on the Prevalence and Incidence of Parental Mental Health Problems and the Detection. Screening and Reporting of Parental Mental Health Problems. [online] Available at: : https://www.york.ac.uk/inst/spru/research/pdf/SCIEReview1.pdf [Accessed 25 Jun. 2016].

The festival that Ashland built Essay Example For Students

The festival that Ashland built Essay Business is booming at the Oregon Shakespeare Festival. Is everybody happy? Sort of. Ashland, Oregon sits at the foot of the Siskyou Mountains like a favorite pair of boots at the foot of a bed, 20 miles outside of Medford, a cow patties toss from Interstate 5. The nearest major metropolitan area is Portland, more than 300 miles away, and the nearest professional baseball team resides 400 miles to the south in San Francisco. Certainly there are more convenient places to produce Shakespeare, but none more popular. We will write a custom essay on The festival that Ashland built specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Back in 1970, 172,334 people made the trip to see the Bard performed under the stars on Oregon Shakespeare Festivals outdoor stage, most of them coming from more than 150 miles away. Then, the town of Ashland was little more than a gas stop buffeted by a couple of restaurantsand modest ones at that. Outside under a gibbous moon in Ashland, seeing Shakespeare was a matter of sweating (if the 100-plus daytime temperature lingered too long) or shivering (when the cold night wind whistled down the mountains and cut through your skin like a lance). City Shakespeare it was not. Nineteen-seventy was also the year the 600-seat Angus Bowmer theatre was christened, paving the way for an entirely new era of theatre in Ashland. Indoors, air-conditioned, versatile and modern, the Angus Bowmer opened with a production of Tom Stoppards Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead, thus whetting the OSF audiences appetite for new and more challenging non-Shakespearean work. OSF has been growing like a well-tended weed ever since. More than 400,000 people attended the festival last year, bringing close to $68 million in revenue to the tiny town of Ashland. The much-anticipated $7.6-million Allen Pavilion of the outdoor Elizabethan stage was also unveiled last summer, and new artistic director Henry Woronicz took the creative reins from the companys long-time overseer Jerry Turner, who held the position for 21 years. To be sure, the Oregon Shakespeare Festival is poised at the end of one era and the beginning of another, as it was in 1970, and has been many other times in its venerable history. Business is booming, and the popularity of the festival is at an all-time high. But success has come at a price. The economic growth that was so vital and welcome during the 1980s has arguably reached a point of diminishing returns. Because their fates are so symbiotically linked, both OSF and the city of Ashland are discovering that too much of a good thing can be a strain. As OSF has grown, so has the city of Ashland. Once upon a time the venerable Mark Antony Hotel was virtually the only place in Ashland where you could get a room and a meal. Ashland has since swelled to the point where it now has more than 100 restaurants and, according to the most boastful of Chamber of Commerce brochures, the highest number of bed and breakfasts per capita in the nation. So many upscale clothing stores, restaurants, wine shops, boutiques and espresso bars have opened in the last five years that locals euphemistically refer to the phenomenon as the Carmelization of Ashland. Indeed, while many of the 14,000 people who live in Ashland year-round still drive overhauled Volkswagen Beetles, one now finds a conspicuous overrepresentation of Lexuss, Jaguars, BMWs and Mercedes Benzs parked along the main drag during the summer. Predictably enough, real estate in Ashland has also skyrocketed. Land in and around Ashland is now the most expensive in Oregon. Though the relationship between the city and the festival is reportedly very amicable, longtime residents still occasionally wake up bewildered that the festival and its hundreds of thousands of patrons have virtually taken over their town. A sign posted by Citizens for a Poodle-free Ashland in one of Ashlands more renegade countercultural hangouts hints at the tongue-in-cheek tolerance of the locals for the yuppification of their city, but the perception of who actually owns Ashland depends entirely on who you ask. PATRONS OF THE OREGON SHAKESPEARE FESTIVAL tend to think fondly of Ashland as their town, but most of them visit only for four or five days per year, so the feeling isnt necessarily mutual. To the Deadheads and politically correct hippie wannabes who play frisbee in the park and busque for quarters on the streetcorner, the festival itself is viewed as a kind of cultural Disneyland where upper-middle class white people come to have their sense of Western cultural superiority reaffirmed. To the people who descend on Ashland for the ski season after the festival closes on Nov. 1, Ashland is a ski town, period. Festival crowds are something they are happy to avoid. Students of Southern Oregon State College, located a mile outside of Ashland, can hardly wait for festivalgoers to leave so that they can reclaim what they see as their turf. To be sure, Halloween partygoers during the late 1980s bid the festival such an enthusiastic farewell that the police had to intervene. And to the businesspeople who live and work in Ashland, of course, those same festivalgoers are the backbone of their existence, earning them an average of $53,000 per year of the $68 million per anum the audiences unload on the local economy. Indeed, one of the great and mysterious charms of Ashland is how it can possibly be so many things to so many different people. Visitors tend to see in Ashland exactly what they want to see, and the contradictions are staggering. Like so many small American towns that have been discovered by urban professionals looking for a bucolic getaway, the great challenge of the future is whether Ashland can continue to grow and embrace the contradictory forces that sustain it without destroying the very character that makes it such a wonderful place to visit. .ubed583199675af4ae9cd9b7d247f26e1 , .ubed583199675af4ae9cd9b7d247f26e1 .postImageUrl , .ubed583199675af4ae9cd9b7d247f26e1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubed583199675af4ae9cd9b7d247f26e1 , .ubed583199675af4ae9cd9b7d247f26e1:hover , .ubed583199675af4ae9cd9b7d247f26e1:visited , .ubed583199675af4ae9cd9b7d247f26e1:active { border:0!important; } .ubed583199675af4ae9cd9b7d247f26e1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubed583199675af4ae9cd9b7d247f26e1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubed583199675af4ae9cd9b7d247f26e1:active , .ubed583199675af4ae9cd9b7d247f26e1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubed583199675af4ae9cd9b7d247f26e1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubed583199675af4ae9cd9b7d247f26e1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubed583199675af4ae9cd9b7d247f26e1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubed583199675af4ae9cd9b7d247f26e1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubed583199675af4ae9cd9b7d247f26e1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubed583199675af4ae9cd9b7d247f26e1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubed583199675af4ae9cd9b7d247f26e1 .ubed583199675af4ae9cd9b7d247f26e1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubed583199675af4ae9cd9b7d247f26e1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: First Act of 'The Crucible' EssayTHE FESTIVAL IS CAUGHT SMACK DAB IN THE MIDDLE of that challenge, and the theatres administration is all too aware of the pitfalls. The new Allen Pavilion was built as much to keep increasing traffic and party noise out as to keep the actors voices in, and the street adjacent to the pavilion is still blocked off during showtime to keep the noise level down. For many years, OSF enticed people to become dues-paying members of the festival by offering preferential treatment on ticket reservations. Now it is impossible for OSF to promise good seats to everybody exactly when they want them because membership has become so popular. Tickets for sh ows in the tiny 140-seat Black Swan theatre are particularly difficult to reserve, with a limit of two per customer, creating what OSF management calls the Black Swan problem, their biggest public relations bugaboo to date. Though staff people say there is still room for the festival to market its shoulder seasons in spring and fall, the festival already plays to 95 percent of capacity and is rapidly reaching the audience saturation point. Those who have been around the festival for a while say that growth has always been a mixed blessing in the festivals 57-year history. And now that the Allen Pavilion has been built and the companys new Portland branch is in full swingPortland Center Stage was launched in 1988 with a five-play October-to-March season and a separate administrative and production staffexecutive director William W. Patton is inclined to think that enough is enough. In fact, he says, Nobody wants to grow any larger than we are now. Our primary concern at the moment is to deepen the artistic integrity of the work. Patton was the festivals first paid employee back in 1953, when fewer than 16,000 people per year made the pilgrimage to Ashland. For him, change has been a constant, and the new multimillion dollar Allen Pavilion is a perfect metaphor for the direction in which he wants the festival to move. The pavilion was built largely to solve problems that had grown along with the city of Ashland itself. Noise from traffic and the park behind the former Elizabethan Theatre had gotten so bad that people sitting in the back third of the theatre could only decipher about half of the words. Actors were forced to shout their lines in order to be heard, straining their voices even in the most intimate scenes, to the point where people up front began complaining that the productions were looking more and more ridiculous. Actors were becoming reluctant to accept parts on the outdoor stage, and many people were beginning to feel that the viability of outdoor Shakespeare in Ashland was being threatened. The idea was to create a sound barrier to the encroaching world outside while simultaneously improving the acoustics and intimacy inside. The futuristic stadiumlike structure wraps around the seating area, and the back third of the seats have been raised into a secondtier balcony, creating an acoustic shell that reflects sound back into the theatre. An entirely new lighting system housed in the perimeter of the shell has quintupled the technical capabilities of the theatre, the stage itself was extended by three-and-a-half feet, and two new vomitorium entrances have doubled the number of entrances and exitsall of which have turned the formerly beleaguered space into a directors playground. Its like a microwave oven, actor Mark Booher tells people on his backstage tours. Now that we have it, we cant remember how we got along without it. In keeping with the festivals current growth-control thinking, no new seats were added when the pavilion was constructed, though it would have been a perfect opportunity to do so. We built this to improve the quality of our productions, not the quantity, reminds Patton, and the pavilion has done just what he and other advocates of the project promised it would. In fact, the acoustics are so good inside the Allen Pavilion that not only can the actors be heard, but so can every cough, sniffle, rustle, slurp, sneeze, whisper and crackle of a cellophane candy wrapper. In the past, nobody cared if people talked to their neighbors or popped cans of soda in the middle of a scene, but veteran Ashland theatregoers now find themselves having to be on their best behavior in these sensitive new surroundings. The problem was so noticeable last year that management is considering banning soft drinks and food in the future to minimize distractions. Except for a few people reluctant to give up their view of mountains silhouetted by stars, reactions to the pavilion during its first year were mostly positive, especially from people who remember how bad the noise problems were getting. Mention the new pavilion in the OSF members lounge and faces beam with enthusiasm. Its wonderful, says Audrey Bernstein, a member from San Diego who has been coming to Ashland for more than 12 years. When you walk in, it just feels more like I imagine things must have felt in Shakespeares day. Its very exciting. The wind doesnt come down the mountain and smack you in the cheek like it used to, either, adds Carol Tomas, another longtime OSF member. But the flipside to added wind protection is that the pavilion traps more heat on sweltering midsummer days, taking longer to cool down at night. THE OVERWHELMINGLY POSITIVE RESPONSE TO THE Allen Pavilion is also good news to fledgling artistic director Henry Woronicz, not only because he was the one who advised the board of directors six years ago to build the structure, but because now that most of the problems associated with the outdoor stage have been solved, Woronicz can turn his attention to other more pressing issues facing him as artistic directornamely the fresh artistic vision he wants to implement. .u5eabfd87a20bd3945ffd6bc8b20958cd , .u5eabfd87a20bd3945ffd6bc8b20958cd .postImageUrl , .u5eabfd87a20bd3945ffd6bc8b20958cd .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5eabfd87a20bd3945ffd6bc8b20958cd , .u5eabfd87a20bd3945ffd6bc8b20958cd:hover , .u5eabfd87a20bd3945ffd6bc8b20958cd:visited , .u5eabfd87a20bd3945ffd6bc8b20958cd:active { border:0!important; } .u5eabfd87a20bd3945ffd6bc8b20958cd .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5eabfd87a20bd3945ffd6bc8b20958cd { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5eabfd87a20bd3945ffd6bc8b20958cd:active , .u5eabfd87a20bd3945ffd6bc8b20958cd:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5eabfd87a20bd3945ffd6bc8b20958cd .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5eabfd87a20bd3945ffd6bc8b20958cd .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5eabfd87a20bd3945ffd6bc8b20958cd .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5eabfd87a20bd3945ffd6bc8b20958cd .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5eabfd87a20bd3945ffd6bc8b20958cd:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5eabfd87a20bd3945ffd6bc8b20958cd .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5eabfd87a20bd3945ffd6bc8b20958cd .u5eabfd87a20bd3945ffd6bc8b20958cd-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5eabfd87a20bd3945ffd6bc8b20958cd:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Henry V Play Review EssayHiring Woronicz to pick up where Jerry Turner left off is considered by many OSF observers to be an extremely conservative move, if only because Woronicz has spent most of his adult life performing Shakespeare. Woronicz has been a beloved member of the acting company in Ashland for years, but some worry that, if he doesnt know anything else, he cant do much more than maintain the status quo. Woronicz himself gets a mischievous twinkle in his eye when the charge of conservativism comes up, because he knows why people say it and isnt very comfortable with the reasons. Woronicz agrees that relatively traditional productions will continue to be staged outdoors under his reign, though he will try to entice more diverse and prestigious directors to Ashland (a record four women directed plays in Ashland last year, and more than 10 percent of the acting company were people of color, a distinct change in the companys cultural diversity over past years). But where Woroniczs artistic touch will be felt most is in the Angus Bowmer and tiny Black Swan theatres. Speculation runs rampant about what exactly Woroniczs vision might look like, but at least a few clues about where he intends to guide OSF can be gleaned from last years program of plays, which he co-produced with Turner, particularly La Bete, the first non-Shakespearean play he chose to direct in his new role as artistic director. La Bete bombed on Broadway in 1991, but Woronicz was attracted to the language of the playwit-laced rhyming couplets mimicking Moliereand thought it would perfectly complement the festivals Shakespeare. He also thought that 32-year-old playwright David Hirson deserved a second chance, and liked the fact that the play took not-so-subtle satirical jabs at the staid arts-patron establishment, including the National Endowment for the Arts and OSFs own loyal but conservative supporters. I was looking for something that would jump out at peoplesomething with a little more bite to it, says Woronicz. On opening night, with Ray Porter playing the lead role of Valere, a bombastic pseudo-genius hired to add some zest to a lackluster 17th-century acting troupe, La Bete received one standing ovation at the end of Valeres monumentally self-absorbed 22-minute opening soliloquy in the middle of the first act, and another at the final curtain. Critics didnt embrace the play as warmly, but critics dont go unscathed in La Bete either. THOUGH DEVELOPMENT OF NEW PLAYS WILL NEVER be a main focus of the festival, Woronicz intends to keep challenging OSF audiences with increasingly adventurous work by up-and-coming playwrights. During the Turner era, OSF audiences were often treated to Turners own translations of his favorite playwrights, Ibsen and Strindberg. Eager to put his own stamp on OSF, Woronicz rattles off names such as Caryl Churchill, Steve Tesich, Steven Dietz and John Guare as examples of the kind of work he wants to produce. Woronicz is all too aware of OSFs lingering national reputation as a place that does safe plays for vacationing, relatively unsophisticated, middle-class audiences, and has made it his personal mission to see that theatre in Ashland gets the respect he thinks it deserves. Its easy for us to get lulled into complacency here, says Woronicz. People will come to whatever we put up, and thats both a blessing and a curse. As artists, we want to take this opportunity to breathe some life into some areas of the operation that may have gotten stale. For a theatre thats arguably the largest regional theatre in the country, with a $12-million budget, a company of 65 actors, four theatres in two cities producing 16 plays a year, we should be able to find some room to support new writers. Keeping his word, Woronicz has made sure that in addition to a full slate of Shakespeare next year, OSF audiences will also have the opportunity to see Caryl Churchills latest play, Mad Forest, written in response to the fall of Romanias Ceausescu regime, as well as Light in the Village by John Clifford, The Baltimore Waltz by Paula Vogel, Tony Kushners adaptation of Corneilles The Illusion, Georges Feydeaus A Flea In Her Ear, and in Portland Lips Together, Teeth Apart by Terrence McNally, and Spunk by George C. Wolfe. The largely white artistic staff will also take a multicultural microstep forward this year when Clinton Turner-Davis, only the second African-American can ever to direct an OSF production, directs August Wilsons Joe Turners Come and Gone. Privately, under his breath, Woronicz also whispers about the possibility of finding a small fourth theatre somewhere in Ashland where his more esoteric side can be indulged. For now, however, his pet solution to the Black Swan problem is to use it as a venue for more experimental, artistically adventurous work, since it will be packed to the gills no matter what goes up, making the popularity factor almost irrelevant. Somewhere between managing, directing, holding hands and sleeping, Woronicz also wants to get back onto Ashlands outdoor stage and have a go at Hamlet once more before he turns 40. Like the festival and the city of Ashland itself, Woronicz is in the midst of a middle-age transition. He has gotten where he is by stretching himself to the limit, as have OSF and Ashland. Ten years from now, neither the festival or Ashland will be same as they are today. Continuous growth has been relatively kind to them in the past, and one can only hope that future change will be managed intelligently to preserve the magic and character of both. As almost half a million people a year can attest, Shakespeare and sage-brush have never gone so well together. With any luck, the Bard will be able to kick his boots off and hang out in the hills of southern Oregon for a long time to come.

What extent do the news media fulfil Habermas definition of the public sphere Essays

What extent do the news media fulfil Habermas definition of the public sphere Essays What extent do the news media fulfil Habermas definition of the public sphere Essay What extent do the news media fulfil Habermas definition of the public sphere Essay The concept of the public sphere has had a long tradition, both in philosophy and also social sciences. The main understanding of the term is based on the work of the German sociologist Jurgen Habermas, whom provided a comprehensive analysis of the nature of the public sphere and also its historic transformations. Habermas defines ldquo;the public sphere as the network for communication and points of view, the streams of communication are, in the process, filtered and synthesised in such a way that they coalesce into bundles of topically specified public opinionsrdquo;. The public sphere is situated between households and the state. It is a space where free and equal citizens come together and share their opinions and information and also discuss their common concerns. Habermasrsquo;s social theory is interpreted as moving over the years from a Hegelian Marxist orientation to a sort of Kantian orientation, thought not without truth; this view underestimates the unity in his intellectual project. Kant occupies a central place as the theorist who offered the fullest articulation of the ideal of the bourgeois public sphere. However, in this public sphere practical reason was institutionalized through norms of reasoned conversations in which arguments or traditions were to be decisive. Even though, Habermas rejects Kantianrsquo;s theories, and its collary historical exaltation of philosophy as arbiter and foundation of all science and culture. In his current work he argues that something remains crucial from the Kantian view of modernity. nbsp;The notion of the public sphere is at the centre of participatory approaches to democracy. The public sphere is the arena where citizens come together and exchange opinions regarding public affairs, discuss and therefore form a public opinion. This arena can be a specified place where citizens gather for instance, town halls where they meet and deliberate these issues they feel needs looking into. This can also be a communication infrastru cture through which citizens send and receive information and their opinions. The public sphere can also be good governance, and without a good public sphere, government officials cannot be held accountable for their actions and citizens will not be able to assert any influence over political decisions. Moreover, the idea of a public sphere is normative since it is an ideal of good and accountable governance. Some historical roots of the public sphere will include the ancient Greeks where citizens directly participated in political discussions. The public life was tied to a specific local where their citizens will discuss and exchange their opinions on certain issues. European monarchies where the royal court was the public sphere and only the king would determine what should be said in public. Today, the public sphere is even more strongly tied to the media; it is also defined in relation to the mass media, since the mass media permits the circulation of information and also offers the conditions were forums can function. Internet and The Public Sphere; the internet is the single most important communication breakthrough of the latter half of the last century. It has revolutionalised how individuals communicate, access information including the mass media and how they respond to and comment on social and political issues. It has been argued that the internet facilitated the philosopher Jurgen Habermas. The internet is singularly the most important development in contemporary communication, which has produced a global public sphere. Every individual has direct access to global forums where they are capable of expressing their personal opinions and arguments without mediation or censorship. nbsp;Facebook and a vast number of blogs, chat rooms and discussion boards could fulfil the conditions of a public sphere as a forum for rational and critical debates. One of the theoretical perspectives is that Habermas argues that publicness or publicity of representation was not constituted as a social realm that is a public sphere; rather it was a status attribute. nbsp;Representation in the sense in which the members of a national assembly represent a nation. (Habermas, 1962). nbsp;Habermas goes on to argue that European society in the Middle Ages showed no indication of a public sphere as a unique realm distinct from a private sphere, and each stratum of power acted as mere spectators of the authority greater than theirs However, changes in the Europersquo;s political structure in the eighteenth century largely embodied in capitalist modes of production and the enlightenment philosophy culminated in the collapse of feudalism heralding the entry of the bourgeois into the centre stage. Whereas the feudal system which made no differences between the state and the society, private and public, the new social order defined the boundaries of state and private lives. More accurately a bourgeois public sphere where members of a property owning, educated reading public were engaged in rational debates on issues primarily relating to politics and literature (Habermas, 1989). Furthermore the bourgeois public sphere worn once again through structural and economic changes paving the way for what Habermas calls the modern mass society of the social welfare state, were critical debates the life blood of the public sphere has been replaced by leisure. In order words the state and society have become in twined into each otherrsquo;s sphere. Horkheimer and Adorno both argue that the change is the direct result of the mass produced, and the mechanically reproduce culture, which have been manufactures through structural changes in cultural industries. Horkheimer and Adorno suggest that the man with leisure have to accept that the cultural manufacturers offer him (Horkheimer and Adorno, 1995). Horkheimer and Adorno views are simply based on Marxist arguments which suggest the ideas of a ruling class are in every period the ruling ideas (Marx and Engels, 1976). These arguments suggest that the class which controls the means of material production also would control the means of mental production therefore the ideas of those who lack the means of production are subjected to it. Another sociologist called Antonio Gramsci argued the social groups attain hegemony; this is the dominance by inducing consent of the majority of the subaltern classes, the classes in the subordinate political position within a given social theatre. Horkheimer and Adornorsquo;s views on contemporary culture suggest the cultural industries treatment of culture as commodity and the mass media as a product filtered and packaged for customers based on the market statistics. This has created a media culture where every individual response has been carefully planned by the cultural manufacturers, since as this limits the possibility for any critical though outside of a prearranged equation. The contribution of cultural manufacturers including advertising and also public relations. Habermas arguments have manifested into refeudalisation of the public sphere, where the people in the public have been reduced to the status of spectators whilst the expert opinions have taken over the true public opinions. Every aspect of culture has been subjected to commercial imperatives of advertising entertainment and public relations and also the mass media to such an extent that any attempts of even creating the illusion of a public sphere by the mass media continue to be governed by bottom lined finances, therefore failing to conform to the broadest notions of public opinion in the public sphere. Moreover, public opinions published in mainstream media continue to be influenced by a series of commercial needs from availability of column space to consideration of possible increases to circulation figures. The internet is a freely accessible medium of mass communication; it has been introduced to this heavily commercialised theatre of mass communication and sparking great expectations in the publicrsquo;s minds that support the reinvigoration of the public sphere. Furthermore, it also should be stressed that while mass media have largely failed to create a public sphere, mass in itself at times play a very significant role in gaining and retaining democracy in numerous political threatens. It can also be argued that the internetrsquo;s potential in creating the public sphere can be and has to be harnessed by the public intellectuals, if the internet is to fulfil its potential as a forum for public spheres, this arguments can be presented in spite of the risk of over generalization as need for cyber analogues with the cafes and taverns which brought the intellectuals together, however creating an environment favourable for the sharing of ideas and hence the nourishment of a public sphere.

Valuation at acquisition (operational assets) Essay

Valuation at acquisition (operational assets) - Essay Example Tangible operational assets generally include assets that may be covered under the broad category of ‘Property Plant and Equipment’ like land and buildings, machineries and equipments, vehicles, and others. Such assets may be acquired by purchase or gift, or the entity may construct its own assets. Regardless of the method of acquisition, decisions need to be made as to which costs should be capitalized and which cost which should be expensed with. In addition the amounts at which such assets should be capitalize is not clear. Intangible assets have the main characteristic is that they lack physical substance. It is generally difficult to estimate the value of intangibles and there is high degree of uncertainty regarding the length of time over which they will provide revenue or future benefits to the entity. â€Å"In general, the value of an intangible asset lies in its future use, and can be estimated from the incremental profits that such use will through off.†(Farok J. Contractor,2001, page 10)1 The initial accounting for intangibles is largely dependent on whether they are purchased or developed internally. Intangible assets include patents, goodwill, copyrights, trademarks, franchises, organizational costs and others. The general rule to capitalized costs is that the purchase price of an asset and all costs incurred in preparing the asset for its intended use are capitalized as part of cost of the asset. Let us examine the capitalization aspect under both tangible (Property Plant and Equipment) and intangible assets Cost of Land that needed to be capitalized is all the expenditure on its acquisition that is incurred for getting it ready for its intended use. Such costs are purchase price and the closing costs like legal fees, fee of the attorney and registration charges. Some time an old structure exists on land being acquired. Then costs of demolishing such structure and also the expenditure relating to clearing, filling, and

Valuation Financial statement analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Valuation Financial statement analysis - Essay Example The company manufactures and distributes different brands specializing in consumer products including hygiene, nutritional and personal care products. Further, its portfolio has items such as Lipton, Knorr, Magnum, Hellmann’s, Lux, Dove, Omo and Axe. Notably, the company product retails in more than 170 countries around the globe. Financial statement trends Table 1: Unilever financial data from 2008-2012 Â   Â   2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Â   Â   Â   EPS 1.79 1.21 1.51 1.51 1.58 r 15% DPS 0.73 0.77 0.80 0.85 0.89 g 0.05 Residual Earnings 38,785.00 35,354.00 37,924.00 38,813.00 41,625.00 Â   g in RE 0.05 0.07 0.02 0.07 0.06 Â   discount factors 0.87 0.786 0.675 0.592 0.497 Â   Income 39,523.00 39,823.00 44,262.00 46,467.00 51,324.00 Â   Â   Average EPS growth rate5.4% Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   Table 2: Unilever PLC financial projections from 2013-2017 Â   Â   2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Â   Â   Â   EPS 1.67 1.76 1.86 1.97 2.09 r 15% DPS 0.93 0.98 1. 03 1.08 1.13 g 0.05 Residual Earnings 44,123.00 46,770.00 49,576.00 52,551.00 55,704.00 Â   g in RE 0.05 0.07 0.02 0.07 0.06 Â   discount factors 0.87 0.786 0.675 0.592 0.497 Â   Income 54,403.00 57,668.00 61,128.00 64,795.00 68,683.00 Â   Average EPS growth rate5.4% Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   Forecasting Forecasted Earnings Earning are the net proceeds that a firm gets from its operations. As such, Unilever PLC has reported increased retained earnings from the year 2008 to 2012. The growth in earning ranges from 2% to 7%. Therefore, to forecast future probable earning, the company can use a model of the form:Y= a+bxa, where Y is the forecasted earning, a represent the prior year’s earning, b is the average growth rate, x is the expected earnings. Forecasted Dividends Dividends are issued based on the company’s financial performance. As such, the directors pay dividends when companies make profits. Nevertheless, directors may resolve to pay divide nd from the retained earnings of the prior years.1 Based on the information derived from Unilever PLC financial statements, the company has consistently made profits from the year 2008 and the directors have paid dividends consecutively for all the five years. It is apparent that the dividends have been growing at a rate of 5% every year and as such, the 2012 dividend payout can be forecasted at the same rate to determine the probable dividend to be paid in future. Forecasted cash flows Cash flows are gross revenues that an organization receives from its operations. The information derived from the financial statements shows that Unilever cash flows have been on the increase. The forecasted cash flows can be given by a model of the form: Y=a+bx where Y is the forecasted cash flow, A is the cash flow from the prior year, b is the expected growth rate and x is the expected cash flows. Estimation of parameters of the model The parameters of the model include variables used to determine forecasted earning, dividends and the cash flow. These include; cost of capital, growth rate and any other cost incurred. To start with, the cost of capital is estimated based on the prevailing interest rates at which British financial institution were lending capital. The market